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Many children who threatened to have impaired vision. Early detection is crucial in order to fix it before it's too late. Eyes of the children have their own schedule so that when growth has reached a certain stage it becomes difficult to correct eye disorders. In addition to examination by the pediatrician or eye doctor, the parents play an important role to detect abnormalities in their children's eyes, provided that they sufficiently understand the signs.
Development of the child's vision
Child's visual system develops very rapidly in the first 18 months, which then become perfect at age 5 or 6 years.
At birth, infants can see patterns of light and dark, but the focus is still blurry. Baby world consists of "confined space" is no farther than about one meter. Sighted infants who will respond to people's faces, especially her mother, who stared at him from close range.
Between the ages of 4-6 months the baby will move his head, not only to follow moving objects, but also when looking at other objects.
At the age of 6-8 months infant vision must be steady and straight. At this age your baby can see in full color, grab objects, and his eyes have coordinated well controlled so that the eye movement began. Your baby will be able to obtain visual information with eye movements alone, so that head movements follow the body is reduced.
At 8-12 months your baby will use both eyes together to judge distances and develop depth perception.
As the growth of children at ages 1-3 years old, hand-eye coordination will improve and the child begins to better understand their environment. At this stage, children begin to explore their environment.
Child's eye health problems
There are a variety of eye problems that can befall a child at each stage of growth. Abnormalities of the eye at the age under one year generally are innate / congenital.
Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a condition where the retina has not been perfect and the only part of development that overwhelmed so easily damaged blood vessels and detached, causing blindness. This condition is more common in babies born prematurely.
Conjunctivitis gonorrhea infection in infants born vaginally to mothers exposed to gonorrhea.
Infantile cataract is cloudiness in the eyes of newborns.
Congenital glaucoma is congenital condition where the eye drainage channel is not formed correctly before birth.
Abnormalities in a more advanced age due to developmental disorders or diseases. Here are some eye health problems that can befall a child:
Amblyopia (lazy eye) is the lack of visual acuity defect that can not be fully corrected with eyeglasses or contact lenses. Two common causes of amblyopia is a cross eye refraction and refractive difference between the eyes. If left untreated, amblyopia can cause permanent vision loss in the affected eye. Amblyopia must be corrected in the pre-school age.
Strabismus (crossed eyes) is a visual defect in which the two eyes point leads to a different focus. One eye can lead to the right, left, upward, or downward, while the other eye fixed on the other. Strabismus causes the loss of stereoscopic depth perception. With early detection, strabismus can be corrected by closing the eye that focuses completely thereby forcing the eye that does not sync to work. Operations or special glasses can also help eye alignment.
Abnormalities of refraction so that the lens of the eye does not refract or reflect light properly, so images appear blurred. Nearsightedness, farsightedness and Astigmatism / cylindrical refractive error is the most common.
Retinoblastoma is a malignant tumor that usually appears within the first 3 years of life. The affected eye may lose visual and white pupils.
Signs of eye disorders
Rarely moving the eyes, do not turn a blind eye when in bright sunlight, or lack of consistent response to the mother's face is a sign of a baby having vision problems in both eyes. Delay stages of vision, eye complaints, watery eyes, likes to squint / blink or frown, and squint eyes are another common sign. Examination by an ophthalmologist who trained highly recommended if these signs are present. Especially, watch out for the following developmental delays in your child:
In the first week after birth, the baby does not direct the view towards the light or vice versa, just avoid the light.
At the age of one to two months have not looked at his mother's face.
At the age of three to four months did not see his hands. He did not smile on the faces are familiar.
At the age of six months does not capture the object to be brought to the mouth. He seems not to distinguish faces familiar with strangers.
At the age of nine months did not react to sudden movements. He did not look for objects that disappear from view.
In children of school age, the following signs may be present:
The inability to see objects from far away
The inability to read the blackboard
Frequent squinting
Difficulty reading
Sitting too close to the TV
How to test your child's vision?
Try putting an interesting object in front of one eye and observe how your baby reacts to the object. Objects can face you or a small toy, such as brightly colored dolls. Reaction would indicate the presence and quality of vision in the eye being tested. In this case you should not use an object that reads, for example, small bells, because it will be difficult to determine whether the baby to see or hear the bell.
Once toddlers begin to speak, he could be invited to participate in the testing process. The pictures or familiar objects, such as toys, dolls, and others can be used for testing. Children are asked to identify the object shown. Each eye must be tested separately, with the other eye closed, because that's the best way to find out whether there are differences in the ability of vision.
If a child shows the presence of vision problems, immediately consult a professional eye of experts to identify and deal with visual problems that exist. Early diagnosis of eye problems is the key to the success of correction or healing.
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